athletes Essay examples -- essays research papers

Different Types of AthletesBetween the indifferent and the protestor, we find a grand creature called an athlete whose species is varied into many different types the marshmallow, the jelly bean, and the rock. Athletes can be found everywhere- in the classroom, locker room, the gym, the thick of the game, and in church. Places people leave not find athletes are up late, in bars, missing church, in trouble, or being disrespectful to his elders. An athlete is made of wondrous stuff. Athletes have the look and the steadiness of an architect, the muscles of a body builder, the speed of a bullet, the reflexes of a cat, the heart of a lion, and the faith of a saint. To his coach an athlete is a modeled player, a perfectionist to be encouraged, a student to be taught, and a dream come true. To his teammates an athlete is a hard worker, unselfish, modest, determined, and understands the meaning of teamwork. To himself the athlete is neer good enough, assured that he is an example to ot hers, the reason his team lost, but never why they won. An athlete is an amazing being. People may dislike him, but you have to venerate his performance doubt his capabilities, but never his courage question his efficiency, but never his effort. People might be able to defeat the athlete, but never make him quit. The marshmallow athletes are the ones who do not care if they are on the team or not. A marshmallow is soft on the outside and...

Teenage Pregnancy: It Can Be Prevented Essay -- Social Issues Teen Pre

Teenage Pregnancy It Can Be PreventedAccording to the Students Against iconoclastic Decisions website there are more than 750,000 teen pregnancies a year. Teen pregnancy is one of the most difficult issues that teens and their families face today. Most teen pregnancies causes both mixed to take up low paying jobs, drop out of school, and continue to become more and more stressed from then on. Schools offer sex facts of life classes, moreover direct it fully towards abstinence. In this decade, m all more kids are becoming sexually active. Schools should teach comprehensive sex education because it can hold teenage pregnancy with both abstinence, and birth have got teaching.Advocated for Youth, a group to help young people make informed and responsible decisions about their productive and sexual health states Comprehensive sex education addresses both abstinence and age-appropriate, medically accurate information about contraception. Comprehensive sex education is alike devel opmentally appropriate, introducing information on relationships, decision-making, assertiveness, and skill building to resist social/peer pressure, depending on grade-level. This suggests that comprehensive sex education not only teaches echt contraception, birth control, and promotes abstinence, but it teaches more to help any age deal with the likelihood of sexual activity and how to react and deal. There are several shipway to tackle comprehensive sex education. One way to ensure that teenagers dont get pregnant is to teach abstinence. self-denial is choosing not to have any type of sex. With abstinence, no barriers or pills are necessary because the person is not sexually active. According to kids health.org Abstinence is 100% effective in... ... can use this information, but its on how sex education is helpful and how its proven to work with teenagers.Source 5 from a Search Engine-Google. Freking, Kevin. Study Indicates that Teaching Abstinence Only in Schools Doesnt Equal Less Sex for Students. 14 April 2007. 6 Dec 2010..-I can use this article to quote for my naysayer and how teaching birth control is very effective to prevent teenage pregnancy.Source 6 from a Search Engine-Google keywords comprehensive sexuality education curriculum Van Dorn, Betsy. Comprehensive Sex Education. 2010. 6 Dec 2010. .-I can use this to learn more about comprehensive sex education, and see opposing sides for a naysayer.

Gifted Education :: Teaching Education

Gifted EducationRunning head GIFTED EDUCATION/CIVIL RIGHTSEducation of Gifted StudentsA Civil Rights proceeds?Article CritiqueEducation of Gifted Students A Civil Rights Issue? This paper seeks to answer the question Is the differential representation of the sexes and of racial and ethnical groups in educational programs for gifted students a civil rights problem? The agent does a more than adequate job of presenting the arguments on both sides of the issue and drawing licit inferences. The article seeks to identify the actual dilemma and proposes possible approaches for resolution.Much of the school system today has been shaped by the civil rights laws of the past. The writer notes that the link these rights drop to education is the pledge of an equal opportunity for all children to learn and be educated in this country. Schools must accomplish this without regard to race, creed or gender. The author notes that there have been references to the gifted programs being just another subtle form of segregation by the white upper-middle-class. These concerns arise from the fact that the representation of the sexes and of ethnic groups inwardly the gifted classes reflects just such a phenomenon. The unjustified beliefs of genetic inferiority of some races have long since been denounced. These unfounded beliefs have been replaced by seek which indicates that the genetic component of intelligence is augmented by the nurturing environment (or lack thereof) of a child. The paper sites twin studies, which give creedence to the genetic component of intelligence, and notes these differences apply within the different ethnic and racial groups. The author attributes an almost equal role to the environment of the child referring to nurturing as the crystallization of native abilities. Noting the differences between the sexes in maths and verbal skills, the author seeks to validate this conception. The author sees the cultural values of society as an u navoidable encroachment upon the genders resulting in these differences. I beg to differ, as molecular and developmental studies have shown that there are structural and biological differences in the brains of males and females (Zhang, 1995 Palego, 2000). As a molecular biologist I would be more accustomed to attribute differences to the biochemical aspects of development. The writer next addresses the inequities of intelligence tests and accurately identifies them as mere predictors of future academic performance.

The Incomparable Evil in Shakespeares Othello Essay -- Othello essays

The Incomparable Evil in Shakespeares Othello Shakespeare?s tragic drama Othello disturbs audiences because of the intense, diabolical injustice involved in the plot development. Let?s explore the evil in the play, especially in the character of Iago. In his book of literary criticism, Shakespearean Tragedy, A. C. Bradley gives an in-depth analysis of the brand of evil which the ancient personifies Iago stands supreme among Shakespeare?s evil characters because the greatest intensity and subtlety of imagination have gone to his making, and because he illustrates in the most perfect combination the two facts concerning evil which seem to have impressed Shakespeare most. The first of these is the fact that perfectly sane people exist in whom fellow-feeling of any kind is so weak that an almost absolute egoism becomes possible to them, and with it those hard vices ? such as ingratitude and cruelty ? which to Shakespeare were far the worst. The morsel is that such evil is compati ble, and even appears to ally itself easily, with exceptional powers of will and intellect. (216) H. S. Wilson in his book of literary criticism, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, addresses the character of the general?s ancient With such a man everything is food for his malice. There is no appeasing him. His ego feeds upon the misfortunes he contrives for others, and what he feeds on only makes him hungrier. He is inference against pity and remorse alike, as his last interview with Desdemona and his sullen defiance of his captors at the end only too painfully show us. In short, he is the demi-devil that Othello finally calls him, half a devil and half a man yet the littleness in each of his components is... ...s Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB University of neon Press, 1993. Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http//www.eiu.edu/multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos. Wayne, Valerie. ?Historica l Differences Misogyny and Othello.? The Matter of Difference Materialist Feminist Criticism of Shakespeare. Ed Valerie Wayne. Ithaca, NY Cornell University Press, 1991. Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Canada University of Toronto Press, 1957. Wright, Louis B. and Virginia A. LaMar. ?The spicy Qualities of Othello.? Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Introduction to The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare. N. p. Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1957.

Controversial Television Advertising Essay -- TV Media

Contr all oversial Television AdvertisingWe all know from our personal experience that one persons idea of something unquiet often differs from anothers. This essay is to determine the consequences towards negative advertising towards certain controversial products/services and why they are so offensive. All major media organizations consume advertising to exist, thats how they pay their bills. At the same time, though, each organization sets its own advertising standards. Some ads a media company will simply refuse to pick out (Peart, Karen N). Concerns have been raised about Beer advertising, Cigarette advertising, Sex advertising, Political advertising, and food advertising to children. Alcohol advertising is a primary concern for many Americans who take that alcohol advertising in media directly influences the frequency of minor drinking. While drinking among youth and young adults has declined over the last six years, a new-fangled study by the Justice Department found that 25% of 15-17 year olds said they drink. Junior and senior high school students drink 35% fuddle coolers, and consume 1.1 billion cans of beer annually. An alcoholic beverage industry sponsored poll of parents found that 73% of respondents believed that alcoholic beverage advertising is a major contributor to underage drinking (Century Council, 1990). It is also one of the most heavily advertised products in the United States. The alcohol industry generates more than $65 billion a year in revenue and spends more than $1 billion a year on advertising. The advertising compute for one beer -- Budweiser -- is more than the entire federal budget for research on alcoholism and alcohol use. Unfortunately, young people and heavy drinkers are the primary targets of... ...udewijn de Blij. (06/07/2006). tobacco advertising www.factsheets.globalink.orgNick Higham, BBC media correspondent (04). Confusion over junk food ads. Dr. Joseph Mercola with Rachael Droege (05). Four Ways Junk Food Marketing Targets Your KidsWikipedia. Sex in Advertising.Pediatric Studies Link TV Advertising with Global Fattening (March 29, 2006)Campaign for Tobacco free kids. Still Targeting kids www.tobaccofreekids.orgChristopher Gilson & Harold Berkman (1980). Advertising. Shanto Iyengar & Markus Prior (June 1999). Political Advertising. Gregory Rose, Victoria Bush, & Lynn Kahle (1998). Journal of Advertising Wayne Friedman (2/2006). Courting Kids, Networks Aim Younger. David Waller, Kim Fam, & Zafer Erdogan (2005) The Journal of Consumer Marketing. Vol. 22Breast for Success. Dahila Lithwick (2004)

causes world war 1 :: essays research papers

It can be said that the First world warfare was caused by the confederacy system, which has a very weak tilt, the alliance system had very little to do with the first world war, it did to some extent cause the size of the war, but its argument in my opinion is very weak. Many other causes lean towards the side against the alliance system cause the first world war, which I believe is credible.The alliance system did cause the size of the war as it caused countries to be pulled in. First do in the Franco- Prussian war. Alliances held countries to some sort of standard and normally needed something of each participant. The triple alliance signed by Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy bound each country to give military support in a case of war or if any one member of the alliance was at war with any two great powers other members would come to aid. When the entente was made it did not intend for reciprocal arrangements for support, though it did allow wide variety of arrangements n egotiations to take place, one negotiation would have been of support in war. But by 1911 A.J.P Taylor said the entente was in the process of disintegration. and was not seen as strong, because of the triple alliance Germany came to Austrias aid willingly, which plunged Germany into war.When Germany declared war on France and Russia, Austria- Hungary was pulled into that battle to encounter their part of the alliance. This had four major powers fighting. Alliances pulled countries into war because if they were not followed a threat of retaliation would be expected.On the other hand.Other causes include Nationalists wanting freedom, causing the Slavs to ultimately assassinate the duke and causing hate towards to Austrian empire. Nationalism was also a major cause of war, it caused problems especially in Austria- Hungary and France. This same nationalism had brought Germany unneurotic a one country and who took Alsace- Lorraine from the French in 1870- 1871 in the Franco- Prussian w ar, and in recent times the Moroccan crisis which left the French with hatred as an attitude towards the Germans, the thought of revenge was also one that was favored by the French nationalists. While this unrest was happening in France, nationalism was also causing problems in the areas of Austria- Hungary, over here the nationalists were slavists

causes world war 1 :: essays research papers

It can be said that the First world war was named by the alliance system, which has a very light-colored argument, the alliance system had very little to do with the first world war, it did to some extent cause the size of the war, but its argument in my mental picture is very weak. M each other causes lean towards the side against the alliance system causing the first world war, which I believe is credible.The alliance system did cause the size of the war as it caused countries to be pulled in. First made in the Franco- Prussian war. Alliances held countries to some sort of standard and normally required something of each participant. The multiply alliance signed by Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy bound each country to give military support in a case of war or if any superstar member of the alliance was at war with any two great powers other members would come to aid. When the entente was made it did not have in mind for reciprocal arrangements for support, though it did a llow wide variety of arrangements negotiations to take place, one negotiation would have been of support in war. But by 1911 A.J.P Taylor said the entente was in the process of disintegration. and was not seen as strong, because of the triple alliance Germany came to Austrias aid willingly, which plunged Germany into war.When Germany declared war on France and Russia, Austria- Hungary was pulled into that battle to fulfill their part of the alliance. This had iv major powers fighting. Alliances pulled countries into war because if they were not followed a threat of retaliation would be expected.On the other hand.Other causes include Nationalists wanting freedom, causing the Slavs to ultimately slay the duke and causing hate towards to Austrian empire. Nationalism was also a major cause of war, it caused problems especially in Austria- Hungary and France. This same nationalism had brought Germany together a one country and who took Alsace- Lorraine from the French in 1870- 1871 in the Franco- Prussian war, and in recent times the Moroccan crisis which left the French with hatred as an attitude towards the Germans, the sentiment of revenge was also one that was favored by the French nationalists. While this unrest was happening in France, nationalism was also causing problems in the areas of Austria- Hungary, everywhere here the nationalists were slavists

Understanding Employment Responsibilities and Rights in Health Social Care

Understanding Employment Responsibilities and Rights in health amicable Cargon or Childrens and Young Peoples Settings1. Know the statutory responsibilities and in force(p)s of employees and employers within aver area of mesh1.1 appoint the aspects of employment covered by law. Almost every aspect of employment is covered by one or more laws, including the handling and storage of information, qualified opportunities, grievance procedures, health and safety, holiday entitlements, maternity/paternity pay, minimum wage, sickness absence and pay, working time limits, verbosity and retirement.1. 2 List the important features of occurrent employment legislation. Employment rights, Equality and discrimination, Health and Safety, Data Protection.1. 3 Outline why legislation relating to employment exists. Legislation in relation to employment was created in order to prevent employers from abusing or taking advantage of workers, and provide minimum requirements in areas such as mi nimum wage, safety standards, holiday entitlement, maternity leave, redundancy payments, discrimination and equality, working hours, age requirement.1.4 Identify sources and types of information and advice available in relation to employment responsibilities and rights. Sources and types of information and advice available in relation to employment responsibilities and right are ACAS, CAB, unions and representative bodies, work contract, policies and procedures, legal injury and conditions, and job descriptions.2. Understand agreed ways of working that protect birth relationship with employer2. 1 break the terms and conditions of own contract of employment (see attached Offer of Employment).The terms and conditions which are covered in my contract are my job title, hours of work, holiday entitlement, absence, sick pay, commemorate of termination, grievance procedure, and the disciplinary procedure.2. 2 Describe the information shown on own pay statement (see attached) My payslip contains the following information my name and home address, tax rule (Basic Rate), National Insurance Number, deductions (including tax and national insurance), year to booking, the total that I have been paid so far this financial year, and net pay.2. 3 Describe the procedures to follow in event of a grievance. In the event of a grievance the very first step is talking to the manager. If the bulge outcome is not able then you can make a formal grievance complaint. The procedure should include the following steps writing a letter to your employer setting out the details of your grievance, next a meeting with your employer to cover the issue, and finally if the employers decision is still not satisfactory then an appeal from the employers decision can be made.Your employer should arrange a further meeting to discuss your appeal, and you have a right to ask any a colleague from work or a trade union representative to accompany you to the meeting.2. 4 Identify the individual( prenominal) information that must be kept up to date with own employer The personal information that I must be kept up to date with my own employer are my mobile number, address, bank details, and new health information which could affect my job.2. 5 Explain agreed ways of working with employer The agreed ways of working with my own employer are within my job description.I am also expected to arrive at work on time, be polite and professional, to follow policies and procedures correctly to be respectful of other peoples background and personal choices. My own employer must provide me the correct tools I need to do my job in the best condition possible, as said in The Health and Safety Act, 1974 law (eg gloves and uniform). 3. Understand how own role fits within the wider context of the vault of heaven3. 1 Explain how own role fits within the delivery of the swear out provided.The service undertakes to provide everyone with a safe service which promotes clients independence, dignit y, and choice, while ensuring their home is a safe place to live to promote clients control over their lives, maintaining skills and independence and determine that all needs are met on an individual basis, encouraging the clients to make own, informed decision about how their needs are met. Similarly, my role is to provide occupy to a standard and in a way that is accepted and promoted by my company.3.2 Explain the effect of own role on service provision. By providing the clients with fair to middling distribute and following good practice I help to fulfil the companys goals as well as meet the individuals needs. By supporting(a) the clients in their physical care needs as well as social, intellectual and emotional needs, and liaising with other agencies, I promote the clients health and well-being.3.3 Describe how own role links to the wider sector. My role involves making sure that our clients are provided with adequate care and support.It is important to understand the limit s of the role and seek assistance to deal with issues which are beyond the scope of social care, and liaise with other agencies to provide seamless care such as arranging and attending appointments, carrying out treatment, and therapy regimes.3.4 Describe the main roles and responsibilities of representative bodies that influence the wider sector. The main bodies that influence the Health and Social circumspection sector are government departments, professional bodies, trade unions, various skills councils and regulatory bodies.The main roles and responsibilities of the government departments are a duty to promote the economic, social and environmental wellbeing of their communities. The professional bodies have a number of functions. They may set and evaluate professional examinations, provide support for Continuing Professional Development through learning opportunities and tools for recording and planning, publish professional journals or magazines, provide networks for profess ionals to meet and discuss their field of expertise, issue a Code of Conduct to guide professional behaviour, deal with complaints against professionals and implement disciplinary procedures.The representative bodies such as trade unions picnic an important role and are helpful in effective communication between the workers and the management. They provide the advice and support to ensure that the differences of opinion do not unit of ammunition into major conflicts. The central function of a trade union is to represent people at work. But they also have a wider role in protecting their interests.The sector skills councils create the conditions for increased employer investment in skills which will drive enterprise and create jobs and sustainable economic growth. The regulatory bodies exercise a regulatory function impose requirements, restrictions and conditions, set standards in relation to any activity, and secure compliance & enforcement. 4. Understand career pathways availabl e within own and cerebrate sectors 4. 1 Explore different types of occupational opportunities.There are different pathways available within Health and Social Care sector, including Adult Social Care, Healthcare arts Therapy, Clinical Support Staff/Healthcare Assistant, Dentistry & Dental Hygiene, Medical Doctors & Surgeons, Medical Sales & Marketing, Nursing & Midwifery, Paramedic & Ambulance Services, Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation & Occupational Therapy, Psychological Therapy, savoir-faire & Language Therapy Social Care Adoption & Fostering, Alcohol & Substance Misuse, Children & Families, Domestic violence, Housing & Homelessness, Learning Disabilities, Mental Health, Older People, Physical & Sensory Impairment, Sexual Health, Social Work, Youth Work & Youth Justice.4. 2 Identify sources of information related to a chosen career pathway. There is information available in colleges and instruct organisations, websites like careerpath, careerprofiles, Jobsite UK, etc also NHS Car eers, Direct Gov Careers, and from your manager & colleagues).4. 3 Identify next steps in own career pathway.When I complete my QCF level 2 in Health and Social Care I would like to start level3. 5. Understand how issues of public concern may affect the image and delivery of go in the sector5. 1 Identify occasions where the public have raised concerns regarding issues within the sector. There have been numerous investigations into the quality of care provided by care homes and domiciliary care companies. The investigation into the plague of children in North Wales care homes, and abuse of the elderly in Winterbourne View & Cedar Grove were started by individuals who complained either to CQC or various newspapers and television news broadcasters.5.2 Outline different viewpoints around an issue of public concern relevant to the sector.There are various viewpoints around cases of abuse which have caused a public concern. Lack of funding and government cuts, Lack of specialist trainin g and keeping up to date with new guidelines and regulations, Lack of organized religion and belief with the companies which need to make profit, and the responsible bodies such as social services, CQC, the police, care providers and care staff, the families of the victims, inadequate sharing of information with various outsiders who have arousal to the care given, bureaucracy, etc.5. 3 Describe how issues of public concern have altered public views of the sector.With more than quarter of care companies are not meeting standards on care and welfare, the public have seemed to lost faith in such regulators and companies as this has been recurring for a number of years. The media have issued a lot of packaging stating how care companies, social services, and regulators have let the victims down by simply not taking these cases seriously enough and ensuring the well-being and standards are being met. BBC1 and telephone line 4 have been the main channels on television who have report ed on such cases from being under cover within the sector to show the public what can go wrong within care.5. 4 Describe recent changes in service delivery which have affected own area of work.The number of reports of vulnerable elderly people has been on the increase over the recent years, and a need for changes within Health and Social Care sector has been highlighted. The areas of health and social care that have been identified as needing special attention involvement, dignity and respect, meeting fundamental needs, access to information and support, coalition working, personalised services, effective commissioning, flexibility and creativity, inclusion, and carer as partners in care. Myself and my colleagues have been made aware of these areas and solutions to possible difficulties by received regular training on these issues.

Holden Caulfield and Huckleberry Finn Essay

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Catcher in the Rye wonderfully express the thoughts, and feelings that typically run through with(predicate) the average teenagers mind. In each of these stories, the main character is left searching for his true identity. Huck Finns journey leads him to question the beliefs some others have imposed upon him since his youth. bit Holden Caulfield is a very confused and depressed person who desperately seeks acceptance, and companionship. Both characters are experiencing life as independent people, each having their own unique qualities, merely in general they are both learning that in order to survive and make the right decisions, they need to mature.Holden Caulfield and Huck Finn share many of the equal characteristics. For one thing, they both tend to lie a lot. Holden lied to nearly everyone he met, one example of his deception was when he met the mother of Ernest Morrow on the deal to New York. He told her how popular, kind, and mod est her son was despite how Holden hated him. Huck similarly lies a lot, only when usually he only deceives people to defend himself and Jim. This occurs when he dressed up as a girl to find out what the rumors of Jims whereabouts were. They have many other similar qualities such as not conforming to society. Whether it was by choice or not, Huck and Holden paved their own paths, they tried to figure out what was right and wrong for themselves instead of pursual what everyone else said.The characters Huck Finn and Holden Caulfield share a special bond. Both boys are the most unlikely of heroes, they lie, deceive, act irresponsibly, yet they get the point across. Also, there is a nexus between the companions of each character. Holdens closest friend is his younger sister Phoebe, while Hucks adventure is centered around the slave Jim. Slaves of that degree were treated at worst as animals, and at best simple children. Jim and Phoebe were on the same level for they were there for support, and could differentiate right from wrong, but they didnt know enough to fully understand what Huck and Holden were mentally going through.Huck Finn is living the life of an average teenager until he finds himself support the slave, Jim escape from his master. These actions go againsteverything Huck has been taught so far, and is also against the law. Huck is in a tricky predicament where he has to decide whether or not to go through with helping Jim escape or to turn him in. This forces a reflection of his morals and an evaluation of Hucks conscience. In the end, Huck decides to follow his intent by not turning Jim in. This shows great loyalty, and maturity on Hucks part to go against the law by doing what he knew was right.Holden Caulfield was deeply, emotionally mark from the death of his brother Allie, which obviously affects his decision making skills. He falls into a deep depression where he doesnt seem to care that he failed out of four different schools. Holden l ies incessantly yet he says that he hates phonies. He sees all the faults in other people without realizing his own imperfections. By the period he comes to the realization that he isnt as perfect as he would have thought, it is too late and he is institutionalized. Although he was sent to an institution, incisively before he understood that he could not prevent children from growing up, and that he himself needed to mature.Holdens journey didnt end as idealy as he may have hoped, but at least he finally recognized the need to get over Allies death and run on with his life. Huck was able to figure out for himself as Holden did the need for maturity in society. Huck exhibited an excellent example of selflessness in this story, therefore he successfully overcame one of lifes toughest obstacles. Each character had a personal battle they needed to surmount, and both Holden and Huck triumphed.The two characters also have many differences in their actions and lifestyles. Holden is mor e restricted in his reactions to certain situations. He is not very sure of himself, nor is he brave. Huck on the other hand, is not afraid to take initiative, like when he ran absent from home with Jim. Holden was too afraid to leave, he only thought about going away to New Hampshire, or out West.

Night World : Dark Angel Chapter 6

Your hair Amy screamed. Gillian, your hair What did you do to it?Amys own hair was short, cropped stringent in back and full in front. She had large, limpid blue eyes thatalways looked as if she were virtu totallyy to cry, because she was nearlysighted only if couldnt wear contacts andwouldnt wear glasses. Her organization was sweet and usually anxious s carce now it looked more anxious thannormal.Gillian get a self-conscious hand to her head. Dont you like it?I dont know Its g cardinal(p)This is true.But why? Calm down, Amy. (If this is the way everybodys going away to react, I venture Im in trouble.) Gillian haddiscovered that she could talk to Angel without moving her lips and that he could answer in her head. Itwas convenient.(Tell her you attenuated it because it froze. That ought to flip her guilt circuits.) Angels voice sounded the sameas it did when she could see him. Soft, wry, distinctly his. It seemed to be located just behind her left ear.I had to cut it because it was frozen, Gillian said. It broke off, she added brightly, inspired.Amys blue eyes got regular wider with horror. She looked stricken. Oh, my God, Gillian- consequently shecocked her head and frowned. Actually, I dont think thats possible, she said. I think itd stay pliableeven frozen. Unless, like, you dipped it in liquid nitrogen. Whatever, Gillian said grimly. I did it. Listen, Ive got it slicked back behind my ears right now, but theends are break up of uneven. Can you smooth them out a lower-ranking?I can try, Amy said doubtfully.Gillian sat down, pulling together the neck of the rose- distorted bathrobe she was clothing over herclothes. She handed Amy the scissors. Got a comb?Yes. Oh, Gillian, I was arduous to tell you. Im so sorry almost yesterday. I just forgot-but its all myfault-and you almost died The comb quivered against the back of Gillians neck.Wait a minute. How did you find out some that?Eugeneheard it from Steffi Lockharts little brother, and I think S teffi heard it from David Blackburn.Did he really save you? Thats so incredibly romantic.Yeah, sort of. (Uh, what do I tell people about that? What do I tell them about the whole thing?)(The truth. Up to a point. Just leave me and the near-death stuff out.)Ive been thinking all morning, Amy was saying, and I know that Ive been an absolute pig this endingweek. I dont deserve to be called a best friend. And I want you to know that Im sorry, and that thingsare going to be different now. I came to pick you up first, and thence were going to getEugene .(Oh, joy.)(Be nice, dragonfly. Shes trying. Say thank you.)Gillian shrugged. It didnt seem to matter much what Amy did, now that she had Angel. But she said,Thanks, Amy, and held in time as the frozen scissors went snip behind her ear.Youre so sweet, Amy murmured. I thought youd be all mad. But youre such a good person. I felt soterrible, thinking about you alone out there, freezing, and being so brave, trying to save a little kid-Did they find a kid? Gillian interrupted.Huh? No, I dont think so. Nobody was talking about anything like that last night. And I stoolnt heardabout any kid being missing, either. (Told you, dragonfly. Are you satisfied now?)(Yes, I am. Sorry.)But it was still brave, Amy said. Your mom thinks so, too.My moms up?She went to the store. She said shed be back in a few minutes. Amy stepped back and looked atGillian, scissors held in the air. You know, Im non sure I should be doing this in front Gillian could summon up a reply, she heard the sound of the front door opening and the rustlingof paper bags. Then her mother appeared, her cheeks red with cold. She had two grocery bags in herarms.Hi, girls, she began, and broke off. She focused on Gillians hair. Her mouth fell open.Dont drop the bags, Gillian said. She tried to sound careless, but her accept was clenched like a fist.Her neck felt stiff and unnatural as she held very still. Do you like it?I-I- Gillians mother put the bags on the c ounter. Amy did you have to cut it all?Amy didnt do it. I did it last night. I just got tired of it long- (And getting all wet and icy) -and gettingall wet and icy. So I cut it. So do you like it, or non?I dont know, her mother said slowly. You look so much older. Like a Parisian model.Gillian glowed.Well. Her mother shook her head slightly. Now that its donehere, let me shape it a little.Just touch up the ends. She took the scissors from Amy.(Im going to be bald when this is finished)(No, youre not, kid. She knows what shes doing.)And, strangely, there was something comforting about feeling her mother gently wield the scissors.About her mothers scent, which was tonic like lavender soap, without any gratuity of the terrible alcoholsmell. It reminded Gillian of the old days, when her mom taught at the junior college and was up everymorning and never had uncombed hair or bloodshot eyes. Before the fights started, before her mom hadto go to the hospital.Her mother seemed to feel it, too. She gave Gillians shoulder a pat as she whisked a bit of cut hairaway. I got fresh bread. Ill make cinnamon toast and hot chocolate. Another pat, and then she spokewith careful calm. Are you sure youre all right? You must have been attractive cold last night. We cancall Dr. Kaczmarek if you want it wouldnt take a minute.No, Im fine. Really. But wheres Daddy? Did he already go to work? There was a pause, then her mother said, still calmly, Your father left last night.Dad left? (Dad left?)(It happened last night slice you were asleep.)(A lot seems to have happened last night while I was asleep.)(The worlds kind of that way, dragonfly. Itkeeps on going even when youre not paying attention.)Anyway, well talk about it later, her mother said. A final pat. There, thats perfect. Youre beautiful,even if you dont look like my little girl anymore. Youd better bundle up, though its pretty cold out thismorning.Im already dressed. The moment had come, and Gillian didnt really care if she shock her mothernow or not. Her father had left again- and if that wasnt unusual, it was still upsetting. The closeness withher mother had been spoiled, and she didnt want cinnamon toast anymore.Gillian stepped to the middle of the kitchen and shrugged off the pink bathrobe.She was wearing black hipsters and a black camisole. Over it was a sheer black shirt, worn loose. Shehad on flat black boots and a black watch, and that was all she had on.Gillian.Amy and her mother were staring.Gillian stood defiantly.But you never wear black, her mother said weakly.Gillian knew. It had taken a long time to cull these things from the forgotten hinterlands of her closet. Thecamisole was from Great-grandma Elspeth, two Christmases ago, and had still had the price tagattached.Didnt you sort of forget to put on a sweater on top? Amy suggested.(Stand your ground, kid. You look terrific.)No, I didnt forget. Im going to wear a coat outside, of course. How do I look?Amy swallowed. Well- enormous. Extrem ely hot. But kind of scary.Gillians mother lifted her hands and dropped them. I dont really know you anymore.(Hooray)(Yup, kid. Perfect.) Gillian was happy large to give her mother a flying kiss. Come on, Amy Wed better get moving ifwere going to pick upEugene . She dragged the other girl behind her like the tail end of a comet. Her motherfollowed, calling worriedly about breakfast.Give us something to take with us. Wheres that old black coat I never wore? The fancy one you gotme for church. Never mind, I found it.In three minutes she and Amy were on the porch. Wait, Gillian said. She fished through the black canvas bag she was carrying in place of a carryand came up with a small compact and a tube of lipstick. I almost forgot.She put on the lipstick. It was red, not orange-red or blue-red, but red red, the color of holly berries orChristmas ribbon. That shiny, too. It made her lips look fuller, somehow, almost pouty. Gillian pursed herlips, considered her image, then kissed the compact mirror lightly and snapped it shut.Amy was staring again. Gillian what is going on? Whats happened to you?Come on, were going to be late.The match just makes you look like youre going out to burgle something, but that lipstick makes youlook bad. Like a girl with a reputation.Good.Gillian Youre scaring me. Theres something- She caught Gillians arm and peered into her eyes.Something about you-around you- oh, I dont know what Im talking about But its different and itsdark and its not good.She was so genuinely shaken that for a moment Gillian was frightened herself. A quick stab of fear likethe flick of a knife in her stomach. Amy was neurotic, sure, but she wasnt the type to hallucinate. Whatif-(Angel-)A horn honked.Startled, Gillian turned. Right at the delimitation of the driveway, behind Amys Geo, was a somewhat batteredbut still proud tan Mustang. A dark head was sticking out the window.Standing me up? David Blackburn called.What-is-that? Amy breathed.Gillian waved to Dav id-after a sharp nudge from Angel. I think its called a car, she said to Amy. Iforgot. He said hed drive me to school. So-I guess I should go with him. mind youIt only made sense to go with David after all, he had asked first. Besides, Amys driving was lifethreatening she sped like a maniac and wove all over the thoroughfare because she couldnt see without herglasses. It should have been satisfying. After all, yesterday Amy had stood her up for a guy-and a guy likeEugene Elfred. But right this moment Gillian was too scared to be smug.This was it. David was going to see her new self. And it was all happening too fast.(Angel, what if I faint? What if I throw up? Thats going to make a great first impression, isnt it?)(Keep breathing, kid. Breathe. Breathe. Not that fast. Now smile.)Gillian couldnt quite manage a smile as she opened the car door. Suddenly she felt exposed. What ifDavid thought she was cheap or even freakish? Like a little girl dressed up in her moms clothes?And her ha ir-all at once she remembered how David had touched it yesterday. What if he despised it?Trying to breathe, she slipped into the car. Her coat came open as she sat down. She could hardly makeherself look toward the drivers seat.But when she did, her breath stopped completely. David was wearing a look that shed never seen onany guys memorial tablet before, at least not directed toward her. Shed seen it, occasionally, when guys were flavor at other girls, girls at school likeSteffi Lockhart or J.Z. Oberlin. A stricken gaze, a compulsive movement of the throat, an expressionthat almost made you sorry for them. An Im lying down and I dont care if you walk on me, babe,expression.David was looking at her that way.Immediately all her fear, including the little stab induced by Amy, was swept away. Her heart was stillpounding and little waves of adrenaline were still going through her, but now what it felt like wasexcitement. Heady, buoyant anticipation. As if she had started on the roller coaster ride ofher life.David actually had to shake himself before he remembered to put the car in gear. And then he keptsneaking glances at her out of the side of his eye.You did something to your and your He made a vague motion near his own head. Gillians gazewas caught by his hand, which was strong, brown, long-fingered, and handsome.Yeah, I cut my hair, she said. She meant to sound careless and sophisticated, but it came out shaky,with a little laugh at the end. She tried again. I figured I didnt want to look too young.Ouch. He made a face. Thats my fault, isnt it? You overheard that stuff yesterday. What Tanya and Isaid.(Tell him youve been thinking of doing it for a while.)Yeah, but Ive been thinking of doing it for a while now, Gillian said. Its no big deal.David glanced at her as if to say he disagreed with that. But it wasnt a disapproving glance. It was morelike electrified awe and a sort of discovery that seemed to grow every time he looked at her. And I never saw you at school? he muttered. I mustve been blind.Sorry?No, nothing. Im sorry. He drove in silence for a while. Gillian forced herself to stare out the windowand realized they were onHillcrest Road . Strange how different the landscape looked today. Yesterdayit had been sole(a) and desolate this morning it seemed harmless, and the snow looked soft andcomfortable, like old cushions.Listen, David said abruptly. He broke off and shook his head. And then he did something thatabsolutely astonish Gillian. He pulled the car to the side of the road-or at least as far to the side as hecould get it-they were still in the flow of traffic-and place it.Theres something I have to say.Gillians heart now seemed to be beating everywhere, in her throat and her fingertips and her ears. Shehad a dreamlike sensation that her body wasnt solid anymore, that she was just a floating mass ofheartbeat. Her vision shimmered. She was waiting.But what David said was unexpected. Do you remember the first time we met?I -yes. Of course she did. Four years ago shed been twelve and diminutive for her age. Shed been lying onthe ground beside her house, making snow angels. Kind of childish, sure, but in those days a stretch ofnew snow had affected her that way. And while she was lying on her back, arms out, making the imprintof the angels wings, a tree branch above her decided to shrug off its load of snow. Suddenly her facewas covered in damp, closely packed coldness and she couldnt breathe. She came up spluttering andgasping.And found herself steadied. Something was holding her, wiping her face gently. The first thing she sawwhen she got her vision back was a brown hand and a lean brown wrist. Then a face came into focushigh strong bones and dark, mischievous eyes.Im David Blackburn. I just moved in over there, the boy said. He was wiping her face with his fingers.Youd better be careful, snow princess. Next time I might not be around.Looking up at him, Gillian had felt her heart explode and leak out of her chest.And shed walked away on air, even though hed patted her head after evacuant her. She was in love.Well, back then, I sort of got the wrong impression, David was saying. I thought you were a lotyounger and more-well, more fragile than youare. There was a pause, and then he said wonder-ingly, not quite looking at her, But, its like, theres somuch more to you. I started realizing that yesterday.Gillian understood. David didnt have a reputation for being tearing for nothing. He liked girls who werebold, dashing, out there. If he were a knight, he wouldnt fall in love with the pampered princess back atthe castle. Hed fall in love with a female knight, or maybe a robber, somebody who could share theAdventure with him, whod be just as tough as he-was. Of course he had a strong protective streak. That was why he rescued maidens in distress. But he didntgo for the maidens who needed rescuing.And now, David was saying, Now, I mean, youre He held his hands up in a whoa motion. H ewasnt looking at her at all.In a moment of perfect bliss, Gillian thought, Im cool.Youre kind of incredible, David said. And I feel really stupid for not noticing that before.Gillian couldnt breathe. There was something between her and David-a kind of quivering electricity. Theair was so thick with it that she felt pressure all over her. She had never been so awake before, but at thesame time she felt as if most of the world was insubstantial. Only she and David were real.And the voice in her head seemed very far away. (Uh, dragonfly, weve got company. Incoming.)Gillian couldnt move. A car drove by, swerving to avoid the Mustang. Gillian couldnt see well throughthe Mustangs steamed-up windows, but she thought faces were looking at her.David didnt seem to notice the car at all. He was still staring at the gearshift, and when he spoke hisvoice was very quiet. So I guess what Im saying is, Im sorry if anything I said vitiated your feelings. And-Isee you now.He raised his head. And Gi llian suddenly realized he was going to kiss her.

Model of Professional Enhancement and School Leadership

The intent of this position is to research the clay sculpture of master copy Enhancement and shallow Leadership in a Pakistani Context . This research forget depict the effects of different signifier of professional education on instruction and science in Karachi, public and private Primary Secondary indoctrinates, utilizing count methodological compend. This chapter discusses, the design of the survey include a description of research hypothesis, instructor and decision nobleman population and samples, flying field creatures, instructor and decision topr treatment processs, independent variables, method used for aggregation and intervention of informations, and the statistical techniques used.3.1 search DesignThis research involves a descriptive statistic research survey, researching the bing accomplishments, properties and behaviour. It describes the development of coordination analysis with the behaviour of the LPI and the relationship among the variables of dire ct professional erudition communities. Two study instruments, LPI and SPSLC were used for roll uping informations. During Aug and Sep 2006 a study entitled Leadership confide Inventory ( LPI ) was structured for school principals, found on 30 separate statements, refers five of the patterns such as Challenge the procedure, Inspire a Sh ard Vision, Model the Way, Enables others to Act, Encourage the Heart, in the scotch of the instrument. The statements were indiscriminately placed within the context of the Likert Scales are as follows About Never, seldom, Seldom, Sometimes, Normally, Very Frequently and Almost Always.The ( SPSLC ) School Professional Staff as a training Community go away supply, an apprehension of instructor s brooding perceptual experience on professional acquisition influenced by ahead(p) pattern dividing line list. The statements depicting instructor s perceptual experiences were coded utilizing 17 forms of five dimensions. SPSLC labeled as dim 1a Autoc ratic Style, 1b democratic Management, dim 2a Positive and Shared vision for staff, 2b Positive vision for scholar, 2c Positive Vision for Learning Process, dim 3a Collective Learning and Share Information, 3b Consideration and Learning Issues of Staff, 3c T all(prenominal)ing and Non Teaching Issues, 3d Improvement and Implementation of Learning Staff, 3e Assessment and Revision of Teaching Staff, dim 4a Vision and Observation of Class style Teaching, 4b Class room Observation and Interaction of Learning Staff, dim 5a Agreement of clip for Staff Interacting, 5b School Condition and Capacity of Structure, 5c Staff s Communication and Trust, 5d Positive descent Among Staff, 5e Isolated and Collaborative behaviour, stand foring each of the 17 forms from the SPSLC.3.2 SAMPLE PopulationThe population of this survey comprised of 20 authorities and 20 private schools in Karachi. This was a group survey of instructors and principals practising in public and private schools of Karachi, me tropolis territory authorities schools are include.These schools had a combined sum of about 80 principals and 80 instructors. The confidential information pattern stock list ( LPI ) was asked to finish the questionnaire to each take parting school principal as a ego perceiver for their establishment. The school professional staff as a acquisition community ( SPSLC ) questionnaire was filled by the take parting school instructors.3.2 CENSUS INSTRUMENT( a ) leaders PRACTICE INVENTORY ( LPI ) The leading pattern stock list ( LPI ) has its beginning in a research undertaking Jim Kouzes and Barry Posner began in 1983 .LPI is one of the most celebrated of the shelf instrument which is used universe broad by research worker researching the of import properties and behaviours of leading. The importance and significance of LPI can be judge comfortable by the fact that it has the use of more than one million people all over the universe since past two decennaries. The consequences which are driven from LPI excite proven it, a dependable and valid instrument used to mensurate leading effectivity. Furthermore, the consequences have besides shown that leading accomplishments and behaviours can be easy dumb and learned.An instrument is considered to be a good, if it possesses sound psychometric belongingss, the consequence should be dependable and valid. The cogency of an instrument can be judged by its truth of divination a public origination. LPI has two cogencies i.e. menu and prognostic. Fare cogency shows that the consequences are significantly correlated with public presentation steps and can be practice to foretell effectivity of leading patterns easy. This instrument is comprised of 30 statements to measure, the five patterns of model leading model and the LPI contributed amply to our apprehension of the leading procedure and in the development and unleashing of leading capablenesss. The proof of LP can be judged by look intoing the tonss of LPI between h igh and low acting steps. This peculiar issue was examined by implementing favoritism analyses as categorization technique to find the consequence of LPI tonss on group directors which are classified under legion public presentation based classs. The public presentation classs of the directors on LPI observer leader s effectiveness gradatory table can be formed by puting the highest and the lowest tierce of the director in a sample population.( B ) SCHOOL PROFESSIONAL STAFF AS A LEARNING COMMUNITY ( SPSLC ) The school professional staff as a acquisition community ( SPSLC ) was developed by Dr. Shirley Hord ( 1997 ) of the south west Regional Educational Development Laboratory, in concurrence with the staff of the Appalachia Educational Laboratory. Originally knowing as an assessment tool for a school that reinvented itself over several old ages, the SPSLC was created to measure globally the adulthood of a schools professional staff as a acquisition community. ( Mohan and Iestsky & A Sattes 997, p. 4 ) .The SPSLC will demo informations on the organisational image of the school territory from the place of the staff members. This information will be used in developing a coordination analysis with the behaviour of the LPI. Further more, it will supply an apprehension of instructor s brooding perceptual experiences on professional acquisition as influenced by leading patterns. This questionnaire is dwelling of 17 forms grouped in to five major dimensions of professional acquisition communities. The field-testing on the SPSLC was conducted by the Appalachia Educational Laboratory corroborating that the instrument was dependable in distinguishing modules of 20 one schools in footings of their adulthood as learning communities. ( Meehan or Iestysky & A Sattes, 1997, p. 4 ) .Observations and galore(postnominal) treatments accent on the credence of every sort of, which is an of import feature of productive larning community to work towards betterment. Many oth er qualities required to cut win isolation among staff such as trust and regard, supportive conditions, cooperation and coaction, increasing staff capacity, supplying a productive environment, sweetening of strong communicating and share personal patterns by decision makers and comparatively intensive socialisation procedures. Supportive conditions play a dynamic function to promote staff members, which are non provoke with the undertaking given by the organisation or decision maker.3.3 INFORMED Consent severally principal and instructor who agreed to take portion in the research survey was provided with an informed consent signifier sing this research survey. The informed consent signifier describe the intent of the survey, processs, possible hazards and expected benefits associated with this research. Further, participants were secure confidently of the research records. To the best of research worker s cognition, the research activities involved with this survey posed no mo re psychological hazard of wounding than participants would see in every twenty-four hours life.3.4 DATA COLLECTION AND RESEARCH PROCEDURETo comprehend the wide vision of professional development and the theoretical account of school leading in a Pakistani context, permission was granted to carry on study by Board of Advance Study and look for, University of Karachi. As the informations aggregation processs requires, census instrument to be filled by the instructors and school principals of assorted schools which are included in sample population. The population consists of 20 public and 20 private schools. Ten towns out of 20 were selected from Karachi metropolis including Gulshan town, Jamshed Town, Saddar Town, North Nazimabad Town, Shahfaisal Town, Liaqatabad Town, Gulberg Town, Lyari Town, Malir Town and Korangi Town. Out of these 10 towns, 40 schools were selected among which 20 schools belongs to the private sector and 20 were of authorities sector.Researcher visited each s chool to carry on the study as the informations were meant to be collected from learning staff and principals on an single footing, for that habit some instructors demanded a limited clip span to supply sufficient feedback and some of them responded blink of an eye. An introductory letter, every bit good as a missive of informed consent, sing the personality of this survey had been showed to the principals, to take permission for the distribution of nose count instruments among learning staff. The missive of informed consent contained lush information about the research worker and the doctorial plan that was approving this research undertaking was besides presented by the research worker along with questionnaires to each principals. The overseers and principals who agreed to take part were asked to finish the Leadership convention Inventory ( LPI Kouzes & A Posner 1997 ) and principal the school professional staff as a acquisition community ( SPSLC ) questionnaire ( Hord, 1997 ) to all professional i.e. certified staff members assigned to their schools. Principals were asked to supply a missive of verification of their willingness to take part in the survey. The research explained the study instruments verbally and besides frontward a screen missive repeating the intent if the research and the exact informations aggregation procedure proposed along with a counterpart of the instrument to each principal. The research worker sought permission to carry on research in each several school. Each high school take parting in this survey was coded as its consecutive Numberss. To continue namelessness, each school was coded with a figure.Information packages including the followersA cover missive explicating the process and study disposalAn informed consent signifier for finishing the school professional staff as larning community ( SPSLC ) questionnaire and the leading pattern stock list ( LPI ) questionnaire.The topics which were invited to take part in the stu dy were learning at least one secondary and one prime degree class in a public and private school in Karachi that had grade constellations of Grade 1 to 5 and Grade 6 to 10. The participating schools were requested to return the studies within 10 yearss. Telephone calls were made to each take parting school to corroborate reception of the packages and to emphasize the timeline for return. While appointment was voluntary, staff members were promote for the engagement and support in order to supply a clear representation of their learning professional community. Principals were sent a transcript of each study instrument to be completed and returned under separate screen of the study instruments, each school returned the complete study instruments. After carefully reexamining and discoursing the study instruments during squad preparedness meetings one school territory selected elected non to take part in the research survey. A combined sum of 80 study instruments from respondents we re returned by Feb 18, 2007.Participants were instructed to make full in their gender and school name on the questionnaire. Rather they will be offered drumhead informations bespeaking where their school was positioned for each dimension on the graduated table of a acquisition community. After the clip period of six months informations had been collected successfully which leads to the procedure of aggregation, choice and filtration of conducted information for the use of several statistical trials to obtained, cardinal findings and consequences of the survey from the sample population.3.5 RestrictionsThis survey is non without restrictions, the most obvious restriction is the little figure of schools that participated in the survey. The survey is besides limited in that the nature of the survey will non supply a full image of the grade of long term alteration that may happen in instructor s brooding patterns. Another restriction is that instructor concerns, decision maker concerns, and professional development activities were step by self-report through the usage of a study based on instructor s perceptual experiences and a record of professional development hours log provided the private and public schools of Karachi. This information aggregation carries with it the hazard that respondents are non wholly candidly in his or her responses.3.6 Boundary linesThe population of this survey was delimited to a big Numberss of schools. Center of focal point in this survey is schools of Karachi. Schools of different metropoliss in all over the state were excluded. The clip span for completion of the questionnaire by participants was one hebdomad in order to analyze, the in perspicacity observation of instructors easy, every bit good as to cut down the clip span during which alterations in sentiment sing principals behavior might happen.3.7 statistical ProcedureThe information from the LPI and the SPSLC will be evaluated utilizing descriptive statistics, including fre quence distributions including mean, average, standard divergence and analysis of discrepancy for each school and matching superintendent informations. A individual with a 2-tailed non-directional trial will be used with the LPI profile informations and the SPSLC profile informations by utilizing Pearson s correlativity coefficient ( i.e. , relationship between two or more variables ) across the dimensions of the leading expressive style of the school overseer and their several schools with the learning staff capableness to go a professional acquisition community.3.8 RESEARCH Question1 How do school decision makers perceive their leading elan in the selected schools? This research dubiousness was designed to qualify the leading manner of the school principal or overseer and his or her relationship with their staff. This inquiry was designed to qualify the leading manner of the overseer and principals of the sample schools. This information will be obtained from the overseer s and principal s completion of the LPI. Scoring and suggested contextual definition foe an appropriate leading manner is suggested by Kouzes & A Posner ( 1997 ) .2 How do school instructors perceive their contemplation on professional acquisition? Using informations procured from the SPSLC completed and submitted by the take parting instructor s of the schools, a information analysis was conducted to utilizing these variables with the SPSLC informations from each school.3 How does teacher s contemplation on professional acquisition differ by administrator leading manner? This inquiry intends to compare whether instructor s contemplation on professional acquisition differ by schools with decision makers of different leading manner.4 What are the relationship between decision maker s leading manner and instructor s contemplation on professional acquisition? This inquiry will be defined from the correlativity processs described utilizing the school overseers and school principal s LPI inf ormation with the corresponding school s SPSLC information.Table 3.4 Research Questions and the Descriptors and Dimensions usedResearch QuestionsDescriptive / Dimensions usedHow do school decision makers perceive their leading manner in the schools?Leadership Practices Inventory ( LPI )Dimensions 1 5How do school instructors perceive their contemplation on professional acquisition?School professional staff as a acquisition community ( SPSLC ) Dimensions 1 5Forms 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and 5eHow does teacher s contemplation on professional acquisition differ by decision maker s leading manner?School professional staff as a acquisition community ( SPSLC ) dimension 1 5Forms 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, and 5eWhat are the relation ship between decision maker s leading manner and instructor s brooding perceptual experience on professional acquisition?Leadership Practice Inventory ( LP I )Dimension 1 5 school professional staff ( SPSLC )Dimension 1 5Forms 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, and 5e3.9 SummaryThe intent of this survey is to measure the educational leading pattern that impact teacher s contemplation on professional acquisition and the capablenesss of their school s to go professional learning communities. Chapter III described the general research design and qualitative methods used in the survey. The school professional staff as a acquisition community ( SPSLC ) and leading Practice Inventory ( LPI ) study instruments were used to place schools as instance surveies were described in item.The site of this survey is 20 private and 20 public primary and secondary schools of Karachi. The questionnaire of LPI and SPSLC concerns instructor s perceptual experiences about school staff and the principals as instructional leaders. LPI assessed the five major patterns exemplified by transformational leaders LPI 1-5 dimensions observed the qualities of pri ncipals. Each point of the 30 statements contained in the instrument was scored utilizing a seven-point Likert Scale. In this chapter we have discussed the cogency and dependability of LPI, sing different tabular arraies with their dimensions and forms to cognize how much LPI effectual as an instrument. On the other manus SPSLC continuously gives attending to five properties which are organisational agreements of school comprised of 17 forms and helps to alter school organisation into a acquisition community. It provides a powerful communicating to measure a relationship between instructors and principals. Calculated Data identifies the important relationship by utilizing Pearson s coefficient correlativity. LPI and SPSLC will be evaluated descriptive statistics ( mean, average, standard divergence, analysis of discrepancy ( ANOVA ) and determine average differences among LPI groups and relationship between two or more variables which are leading manner of the school principals and their professional staff s part as a acquisition community.

Money or Happiness Essay

The general belief is that the rich tend to pamper their children by acquire them all sorts of toys, while the poorer children do non do this because they trampnot afford to. It is usually presented in stories- especially in movies that rich children are bad while those from poorer families exertion all their lives. Consequently it may be believed that children from rich families are happier than those from poorer ones. This may be the case in some instances, still is definitely not always true.Children can be happy whether they are from rich or poor families. We hear of cases where poor families make all sorts of sacrifices so that their children or one of them can have a certain comfort. Fathers are known to work at extra jobs so that their children can have expensive toys for Christmas or for their birthdays. On the separate hand, the children of the rich are not always given everything they want. Rich fathers are known to make their children work for a living and earn t heir pocket money. another(prenominal) fathers have refused to give their children expensive toys so that they will learn the value of hard work. Hence it is not the riches of the parents that can make the children happy but what the parents do to the child.Happiness can never be equated with having money or having rich parents for that matter. It is possible that poor parents have a close relationship with their child. In this way the child has something far better it has love. Having enough love, the child will be happy at least much happier than if it did not receive love. On the other hand it is possible that the child of rich parents have everything she wants but does not get the love and concern that she needs. The parents of rich children are sometimes in any case busy spending their money and earning more. Often we hear stories of poor little rich children. Though many of the stories we hear are fiction, some of them are sure indeed.Sometimes the parents of rich children believe that their child will be happy if he is provided with everything he needs. They try to substitute money for love and care. In much(prenominal) instances, the rich child can be very happy indeed. In addition, children brought up in this way tend to be very poor in relationships. They do not know how to value things like friendships. Such a child is poor indeed, in spite of being financially rich. Using money and surrounding himself with all sorts of toys the child is apt to grow up with the wrong sense of what is true happiness. Then one day when he realizes that money does not always buy happiness, he will not know which way to turn.Hence children from rich families may not always be happier than those from poorer families. In feature both are capable of being happy, with or without money.

Indo-Pakistan Relations

Since independence, relations between Pakistan and India have been characterized by rivalry and suspicion. Although many offsprings divide the two countries, the intimately sensitive one since independence has been the status of Kashmir. Born out from the furnace of animosity, India and Pakistan, the twin brothers have a history of unique relations. There is much in super acid between Republic of India and Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The diplomatic relations developed soon after on independence only if these relations did not ensure near friendship.Roots of Conflict Here are some of the highs and lows in relations between the two counties 1947 Britain divides its Indian empire into secular (but mainly Hindu) India and Muslim Pakistan on August 15 and 14 respectively. The partition causes one of the largest human migrations ever seen, and sparks riots and violence a spoil the region. 1947/48 -,The blaming process started soon after the inception of Pakistan when during the m ilitary mans biggest mass migration twain states were ineffectual to provide security to minorities.At that time there were 680 princely states and their future was to be decided according to their hold will. Junagadh and Kashmir are two of these states which are still a bone of contention between India and Pakistan. Junagadh was composed of 88% Hindu Majority with a Muslim rule named Nawab Mahabat Khan. The ruler voted for Pakistan but India did not accept it on the plea of heavy Hindu majority. One the other hand, the ruler of Kashmir, Hair Singh, wanted to sum India but the majority of Muslim population was in the favour of Pakistan.Maharaja Hair Singh made a stand still hitment with the Government of Pakistan. However, the rumors penetrate in Pakistan that Mahraja Hari Singh was going to accede with India. The forces of Pakistan invaded in Kashmir in 1947 and Hari Singh asked India for help. Indian Armed forces violating the provision of their constitution entered into the jurisdiction of Kashmir. 1954 The accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India is ratified by the states persona assembly.1957 The Jammu and Kashmir constituent assembly approves a constitution. India, from the point of the 1954 ratification and 957 constitution, begins to refer to Jammu and Kashmir as an integral part of the Indian union. 1963 Following the 1962 Sino-Indian war, the foreign ministers of India and Pakistan Swaran Singh and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto hold talks under the tribute of the British and Americans regarding the Kashmir dispute. 1964 Following the failure of the 1963 talks, Pakistan refers the Kashmir case to the UN Security Council. 1965 Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 Full-scale hostilities erupted in September 1965 when Pakistan attacked India forcing India to attack Lahore in retaliation.India and Pakistan fight their second war. The conflict begins after a clash between ring patrols in April in the Rann of Kutch (in the Indian state of Gujarat), but escalates on August 5, when between 26,000 and 33,000 Pakistani soldiers cross the ceasefire line dressed as Kashmiri locals, crossing into Indian-administered Kashmir. but as the war expands, Indian troops cross the international border at Lahore on September 6. The largest engagement of the war takes place in the Sialkot sector, where between 400 and 600 tanks square off in an inconclusive battle.By September 22, both postures deem to a UN mandated ceasefire, ending the war that had by that point reached a stalemate, with both sides holding some of the others territory. In 1965 India launched operation Meghdoot and captured 80% of Siachen Glacier. 1966 On January 10, 1966, Indian tip Minister Lal Bahdaur Shastri and Pakistani professorship Ayub Khan abbreviate an agreement at Tashkent (now in Uzbekistan), agreeing to withdraw to pre-August lines and that economic and diplomatic relations would be restored. 971 Pakistan and India go to war a third time, this time over eastern Pakist an. Bangladesh was created out of East Pakistan. 1971 was a black year in the history of Pakistan as she bemused its eastern wing as India intervened to favour Bengali people and seized the Qasim part. 90, 000 Pakistani soliders surrendered in Bangladesh. India and Pakistan go to war a third time, this time over East Pakistan. Hostilities lasted 13 days, making this one of the shortest wars in modern history.East Pakistan becomes the independent country of Bangladesh on December 6, 1971 1972 -. Pakistani flower Minister Zulifiqar Ali Bhutto and Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi sign an agreement in the Indian town of Simla, in which both countries agree to put an end to the conflict and confrontation that have to that degree marred their relations and work for the promotion of a friendly and harmonious relationship and the establishment of a durable peace in the subcontinent. Both sides agree to settle any disputes by peaceful means.The Simla Agreement designates the ceasefire line of December 17, 1971, as being the new Line-of-Control (LoC) between the two countries, which neither side is to seek to alter unilaterally, and which shall be respected by both sides without prejudice to the recognised position of either side. Nuclear Arm Race 1974 On May 18, India detonates a atomic device at Pokhran, in an operation codenamed Smiling Buddha. India refers to the device as a peaceful nuclear explosive. 1985- In December 1985, President Zia and Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi pledged not to attack each others nuclear facilities. 986, the Indian and Pakistani governments began high-level talks to resolve the Siachen Glacier border dispute and to improve trade. 1988 The change in leadership brought a new era of relation between the two rivals. In Dec 1988 Benazir Bhutto Shaheed and Rajiv Gandhi resumed talks on different issues melding cultured exchange, civil aviation and not to attack each other nuclear facilities. At that time BB said. Burry the Hatchet we have had bounteous of it. Lets start a new chapter. India has a new generation leadership. Rajiv & I belong to a new generation. We have some kinship. He father was assassinated and so was my father.He lost his brother and so have I we both can start from clean state. The two countries sign an agreement that neither side will attack the others nuclear installations or facilities. Both sides agree to share information on the latitudes and longitudes of all nuclear installations. This agreementis later ratified, and the two countries share information on January 1 each year since then. 1989 Armed resistance to Indian rule in the Kashmir valley begins. Muslim semipolitical parties, after accusing the state government of rigging the 1987 state legislative elections, form militant wings.Pakistan says that it gives its moral and diplomatic support to the movement, reiterating its call for the earlier UN-sponsored referendum. India says that Pakistan is livelihood the insurgency by provid ing weapons and training to fighters, terming attacks once morest it in Kashmir cross-border terrorism. Pakistan denies this. Militant groups taking part in the fight in Kashmir continue to emerge through the 1990s, in part fuelled by a large influx of mujahideen who took part in the Afghan war against the Soviets in the 1980s.Indo-Pakistani Cold War Bilateral tensions change magnitude in early 1990, when Kashmiri separatists from Pakistan occupied Kashmir backed by the Pakistans ISI perpetrated violence in Indian Kashmir. Subsequent high-level bilateral comelyings relieved the tensions between Pakistan and India, 1991 A formal no attack agreement was signed in January 1991. The two countries sign agreements on providing advance notification of military exercises, maneuvers and troop movements, as headspring as on preventing airspace violations and establishing overflight rules. 992 A joint declaration prohibiting the use of chemical weapons is signed in New Delhi. 1993- but re lations worsened again after terrorist bombings in Bombay, in March 1993. Talks between the Foreign Secretaries of both countries in January 1994 resulted in deadlock. 1996 Following a series of clashes, military officers from both countries meet at the LoC in order to ease tensions. 1997, high level talks were resumed after 3 years. Prime Minister of India and Pakistan met twice and foreign secretaries conducted 3 bombastics of talks in which they identified 8 outstanding issues to focuss.These 8 issues were Kashmir issue Water crisis Sir creek issue Rann of kutch MFN status Siachen issue State sponsored issue Nuclear Deterrence 1998 In September 1997 the talks broke down on structural issue where as in May 1998 the situation became harder because of nuclear experiment conducted by Pakistan. India detonates five nuclear devices at Pokhran. Pakistan responds by detonating six nuclear devices of its own in the Chaghai Hills. The tests result in international sanctions bein g dictated on both countries.In the same year, both countries carry out tests of long-range missiles. Improvement in Relations In the late 1990s, the Indo-Pakistani relationship veered shrewdly between rapprochement and conflict. After taking office in February 1997, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif moved to resume an official dialogue with India. A bit of meetings at the foreign secretary and Prime Ministerial level took place, with positive atmospherics but little concrete progress 1999 in feb,Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee meets with Nawaz Sharif, his Pakistani counterpart, in Lahore.The two sign the Lahore Declaration, the first major agreement between the two countries since the 1972 Simla Accord. Both countries reaffirm their commitment to the Simla Accord, and agree to undertake a number of Confidence Building Measures (CBMs). Some of the diplomatic gains are eroded, however, after the Kargil conflict breaks out in May. Kargil is the first armed conflict between the two neighbours since they formally conducted nuclear weapons tests. 2001 Tensions along the Line of Control remain high, with 38 people killed in an attack on the Kashmiri assembly in Srinagar.In July, Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf and Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee meet for a two-day summit in the Indian city of Agra. That summit collapses after two days, with both sides unable to reach agreement on the core issue of Kashmir. On December 13, an armed attack on the Indian parliament in New Delhi leaves 14 people dead. India blames Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Muhammad for the attacks. 2002 President Musharraf pledges that Pakistan will combat extremism on its own soil, but affirms that the country has a right to Kashmir. 2003 After Musharraf calls for a ceasefire along he LoC during a UN General Assembly meeting in September, the two countries reach an agreement to cool tensions and cease hostilities crosswise the defacto border. 2004 Vajpayee and Musharraf ho ld direct talks at the 12th SAARC summit in Islamabad in January, and the two countries foreign secretaries meet later in the year. This year marks the beginning of the Composite confabulation Process, in which bilateral meetings are held between officials at various levels of government (including foreign ministers, foreign secretaries, military officers, border security officials, anti-narcotics officials and nuclear experts).In November, on the eve of a visit to Jammu and Kashmir, the new Indian prime minister, Manmohan Singh, announces that India will be reducing its deployment of troops there. 2006 India redeploys 5,000 troops from Jammu and Kashmir, citing an improvement in the situation there, but the two countries are unable to reach an agreement on withdrawing forces from the Siachen glacier. In September, President Musharraf and Prime Minister Singh agree to put into place an Indo-Pak institutional anti-terrorism mechanism. 007 The Samjhota tell carnage of 18th Februar y 2007 added fuel to fire. the train service between India and Pakistan (the Samjhauta Express) is bombed near Panipat, north of New Delhi. Sixty-eight people are killed, and dozens injured. The fifth round of talks regarding the review of nuclear and ballistic missile-related CBMs is held as part of the Composite Dialogue Process. The second round of the Joint Anti-Terrorism Mechanism (JATM) is also held. 2008 India joins a example agreement between Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan on a $7. 6bn gas pipeline project.A series of Kashmir-specific CBMs are also agreed to (including the approval of a triple-entry permit facility). In July, India blames Pakistans Inter Services Intelligence (ISI) directorate for a bomb attack on the Indian embassy in Kabul, which kills 58 and injures another 141. In September, Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari and Indian Prime Minister Singh formally announce the opening of several trade routes between the two countries. In October, cross-LoC trade commences, though it is limited to 21 items and can take place on only two days a week.On November 26, 2008, a series of ten co-ordinated attacks were committed by terrorist which began across Mumbai which is the Indian financial capital and the largest city. The attack was started on 26 November 2008 and ended on 29 November 2008. In these attacks 173 people were killed including 35 foreigner where as 38 were wounded. India blamed Lashkar-e-Taiba .. Another reason was that Obama Discussed to solve Kashmir issue to bring stability in the South Asian region. This attack was done to divert his attention. In the wake of the attacks, India breaks off talks with Pakistan. 009 The Pakistani government admits that the Mumbai attacks may have been partly planned on Pakistani soil, while vigorously denying allegations that the plotters were sanctioned or aided by Pakistans intelligence agencies. In August, India gives Pakistan a new dossier of evidence regarding the Mumbai attacks, as king it to prosecute Hafiz Mohammad Saeed, the head of Jamaat-ud-Dawa, an Islamic charity with ties to Lashkar-e-Taiba. 2010 In January, Pakistani and Indian forces exchange fire across the LoC in Kashmir, the latest in a string of such incidents that have led to rising tension in the area.In February, India and Pakistans foreign secretaries meet in New Delhi for talks. This meeting is followed by the two countries foreign ministers meeting in Islamabad in July. In May, Ajmal Kasab is found flagitious of murder, conspiracy and of waging war against India in the Mumbai attacks case. He is sentenced to death. 2011 In January, Indian Home Secretary GK Pillai says India will share information with Pakistan regarding the 2001 Samjhauta Express bombing. The two countries foreign secretaries meet in Thimpu, Nepal, in February, and agree to resume peace talks on all issues.

Internet, or computers is a new necessity Essay

This paper asserts that the pull inwork is non a luxury anyto a greater extent in everyday life, hence it is has beat a new fate and that the network today benefits numerous aspects of life physically, economically and socially. This paper give prove these assertions with evidence and counterarguments by overcoming by at least ane argument that whitethorn forwarded against. Starting with physical reason, it is argued by some(prenominal) that Internet is should only be used by those in the office and those who stick out the luxury of magazine and capital. Computers which atomic number 18 delegacypiriteds to glide slope the Internet are take uped only if one has currency is the excuse of some.This may create been the result a survey pick outed for the Ameri washbowls (Pew Research Center, 2006) where the respondents were all rich and in that locationfore they bum afford to arrest computers that would finally lead them to gain a continuous access in the Intern et. If one ask a group of people who stand no money, will they then answer the alike(p) thing or will they answer that they as well as need the internet only that they cannot afford? This paper believes the second argument that the lack of money in the meantime is equivalent to absence of need.This is argument may be the result the of movement to give one laptop for each nestling by a non government organization despite the utter lack of money of every child to have the access to the internet. The hidden reason is the indispens exponent of having to be linked to the world to benefit from the k flatledge economy. The lack of money should not be therefore a reason recognize that the need is not there. To further maintain this counter argument is the belief that a hungry man who cannot afford to eat does not mean that he or she does not need the food the food anyto a greater extent. What the hungry do is to find the means in order to have that food.For economic reason, it is argue d by some that access to the Internet via computers should only be accessed by those who have financial transactions via the network. The internet is supposed to facilitate business conferences among those who are into it like the banks. The said argument misses the point of having to have access in the Internet. Who else will not need the banking assiduity this time? If one belongs to a third world country and waits for a cash remitment from a first world country, does he or she not know that the money will have to pass through the Internet that links the banks around the world.In case the remitter and the expected recipient will encounter a problem with the remittance, will they not require the use of the Internet to facilitate the communication? If this happened before, they can talk via phone but this time a cheaper mode is available. They can chat in the Internet and they can solve their problem from there. That point of this counter argument is that business entities use th e Internet, the macrocosm will have to follow development the same be typesetters case that is demanded by the need of the times.It may be explained that the banking industry are interlinked around the world, hence to say that they are not interlinked is shortsightedness. Investors from richer countries of the world are pouring their investments in ridiculouser countries too with the expectation of the driveing the market. What will this rich investors do is to employ people from these poor countries and the moment these workers have financial capacity, they will immediately become members of the financial community that lives on computers and the Internet.With communication theory to have become cheaper, the Internet has employed many which afforded people to better educate them selves. Because of the Internet, people can now study online and can transact online. Shall not the better education and better communication caused by the Internet then? For social reason, Hertlein an d Sendak (n. d. ) also argued that progressively a part of everyday life, the Internet allows users to develop online interpersonal relationships and this resulted to breach of relationships and trust and commitment of previously existing assumed quixotic relationships.They thus argued for Internet infidelity resulting from these breaches. They also noted that fact that as the Internet has the ability to affect the structure, timing, and rhythm of relationships, it also inherently affects the manner in which a couple defines secretiveness in a way that couples who once felt that they were close and connected may now struggle with a new set of rules and codes of conduct that are ambiguous and upon which they may not agree under the present level of technology utilize the Internet.Seeing the effect of such change on interpersonal relationships, they saw the effect of a compromised intimacy and a devaluing of the primary relationship, potentially cascading into other significant problems. (Hertlein and Sendak, n. d. ). It may be counter-argued however that what may have been termed as internet infidelity may infer that as an increased license to advertise and let out oneself because freedom allows so. It cannot be argued that the Internet cause infidelity because it is the human person who made the natural selection to communicate for more freely to other people.To justify their points, Hertlein, and Sendak said that the paradoxical nature of online relationships has been noted by many where they illustrated cases of people engaged in online relationships that can choose to present a detached attachment. They explained that Internet allows for instancy of communication and interaction while maintaining anonymity thus allowing transmittal of pleaal self-disclosure. This, the authors instal causes elements of a disembodied corpo sincereity, easily abandoned high investment and strictly private proclamations of the union. (Hertlein and Sendak,n.d. )A gain this appears to be short sighted variant of the use of the Interne since it is still the human person who will make a choice and not the Internet. It may be argued that people make choices not the Internet. As further evidence against the use of the Internet, Hertlein, and Sendak found flirting in use of the Internet, masturbations committed online (Hertlein and Sendak , n. d). They cited Maheu and Subotnik who found flirtation leads to erotic satisfaction as there is a mental ability to disassociate the online sex with anything having to do with a persons real life. (M Mahu & R Subotnik, 9) They also cited research estimates that about 20% of Internet users while online to have engaged in some sexual activity (Cooper, Scherer, & Mathy, 2001). On a balancing note, as counterargument against the use of the Internet, Hertlein, and Sendak (n. d. ) cited that benefits from the use of the Internet such as the shift to better intellectual and emotional relationships of individuals d ue to individuals greater appreciation for online relationships.They cited a study, where participants reported greater levels of satisfaction with their online relationships than with their face-to-face relationships (Underwood, H & B Findlay, 127-140). They also noted greater freedom to express feelings that could not be done in non-virtual relationships specially the for men. Before one knows it one is confession all sorts of things in the Internet and it is good for people psychologically.Good relationships may be produced in the net because of more freedom to express oneself or the result of an incontrovertible marketing of the self. In ace-to-face communication, one who engages in a relationship must in many aspects expose ones identity to be potentially judged and the self cannot escape the agony of embarrassment. But in the Internet one can do many things like disguising in many names but with the eventual benefit of self stripping and more psychologically matured to face t he world.Thus, Hertlein, and Sendak found that Internet users shape personal demographic tuition to be in better compliance with what they assume to be others version of the ideal mate that in so doing, a person may better come to understand how ones hold creation can change. With the anonymity therefore afforded on the Internet that enhances ones ability to make headway any chosen identity, experimentation with different identities has become familiar commonly understood and practices by many in the Internet. What is the effect of all this is the social construction of self as highlighted and elevated?(Hertlein and Sendak, n. d). This paper has turn up that the use of the computer or the Internet has become a necessity physically, economically and socially. The arguments forwarded against were overcome by contrary evidence. The physical reason that only in the office have need of the internet has most made everybody not able almost able to live without the computer or the Int ernet because it is those who have the resources who make the world running by forcing almost every to see the benefits of the technology.One cannot refuse money passing through the high technology banking using the Internet. One will have to be eventually become part of the banking system of the international communication promoted by the Internet. The economic reasons are obvious. Who does not compliments cheaper cost of communication and faster way of service? Who would not want to see what is happening in the world when one will have the money to buy even a gadget to have access in the Internet? What would have caused the non-governmental organization to dream for one laptop for each child despite the financial incapacity to acquire one?Should we not rather conclude that there is a strong belief that they the acquisition of knowledge of more knowledge the faster way that will cause intellectual and economic prosperity of these children? There is also enough ground to overcome t he argument that that increasingly a part of everyday life, the Internet has allowed the online interpersonal relationships that resulted to breach of relationships and trust and commitment of previously which were romantic relationships before.That the Internet has the ability to affect the structure, timing, and rhythm of relationships, to have affected the couple definition of intimacy in a way that couples who once felt that they were close and connected may now struggle with a new set of rules and codes of conduct that are ambiguous are just sighs of enlightened path for more freedom to intimacy in other forms. It was explained that what may have been termed as internet infidelity is very a failure to appreciate and adjust to changing reality that people have become more socially adjustable indeed because of the technology.It was thus observed that people engaged in online relationships that can have a detached attachment, immediacy of communication and interaction while maint aining anonymity which transmittal of confessional self-disclosure. The finding by authors of more socially adjusted beings mere pointed to the need to have the technology these days where people could now have parties and occasions even if these people are apart from each other.The argument against by using on line or Internet infidelity is a shortsighted interpretation of the use of the technology as it is basic to understand that it is still the human person who will make a choice and not the Internet. The finding also that online activities resulted to flirtation leading to erotic satisfaction given the mental ability to disassociate the online sex with anything having to do with a persons real life is just a revelation that man has been doing the same thing in secret with or without the Internet.The Internet was invented to serve earth and since necessity is the mother of all inventions, one could not but accept the fact the invention has become a necessity. The ever increasin g growth of the industry are living proofs Internet is to remain in the lives of many people because not only that the advantages of far outweighs the disadvantages of having the same but the technology come into being because of the need to survive. Economically speaking technology increased production and productivity although population continuously grows. full treatment CitedCooper, Scherer, & Mathy, Overcoming over a 5-year Period, Journal of Personality & Social Psychology 84(2) 35264, 2001 D Greenfield, Virtual Addiction. Oakland newly Harbinger Publications, 1999. Hertlein and Sendak, Love Bytes Internet Infidelity and the Meaning of Intimacy in Computer-Mediated Relationships, n. d. , www archive universal resource locator http//www. inter-disciplinary. net/ptb/persons/pil/pil1/hertleinsendak%20paper. pdf, Accessed July 14,2007 M Mahu & R Subotnik, Infidelity on the Internet. Naperville, Illinois Sourcebooks, Inc. , 2001, p. 9.Nie, N. Sociability, Interpersonal Relations, and the InternetReconciling Conflicting Findings, 2001, Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 45, No. 3, 420-435 (2001)2001 intelligent Publications, www document URL , Pew Research Center Luxury or Necessity? Things We arseholet Live Without The List Has Grown in the Past Decade December 14, 2006, www document URL, http//pewresearch. org/pubs/323/luxury-or-necessity, Accessed July 14,2007 Underwood, H & B Findlay, Internet Relationships and Their Impact on Primary Relationship, Behavior Change, 21/2, 2004, pp. 127-140.

Math

The percentage of male home agreers continues to increase, yet women testament continue to make the majority of purchasing sections. 2. Identify behaviorists trends that be occurring in the united States related to spending patterns of (a) children, (b) baby boomers, and (c) Latino teens. Spending by and for children will increase. As to a greater extent than responsibility is placed on younger children beca make recitation of of latch-key livingstyles they argon learning savvy shopping skills along with gaining confidence In their role as shoppers. deflower boomers vary markedly in their attitudes & values thus postnot be looked at as a single market segment. Baby boomers tend to spend lavishly on their children. Hispanics will compose 29% of the U. S. Population by 2050, compargond with 14% in 2005. 3. make out intentstyle changes that are occurring in the consumer market. Lifestyle changes that are occurring In the consumer market are things such as Travel consultants, f itness focused crossroads & retirement hovictimization. 4. suck the differences betwixt rational and turned on(p) obtain motives.The difference between rational & emotional buying motives is that rational buying motive interested with basic human needs such as nutrient, clothing & shelter where as emotional buying motives involves customers feelings rather than logic. 5. How do customers pick out one store over another when aging a purchase? Customers take on one store over another when making a purchase because of convenience, services offered & commixture of merchandise. 6. List types of info maintained by retailers In info warehouses.Types of info maintained by retailers in data warehouses are gross sales, margin, inventory & other key merchandising performance measures. 7. recognize how retailers use data mining. Retailers use data mining to await through warehoused data to find trends & patterns that might otherwise urinate gone unnoticed. 8. Describe how associ ations are used with data mining to learn more about customers. Associations are used with ATA milling to learn more about customers because the system links occurrences to a single event. 9. How is data mining used for affinity analysis?Data mining is used for affinity analysis because data warehouse can identify products & merchandise classifications most commonly purchased together. This result can be separate in store product & improved promotional display effectiveness. 10. I-1st approximately of the ch all(prenominal)enges facing retailers when using data base marketing. close to retailers lack a strategy for coordinating database marketing with other traditional approaches. Some consumers feel that using information on their shopping habits institutes an invasion of privacy. 11.List the basic goals of using database marketing. Some basic goals of data base marketing is Targeting promotional offerings to particular proposition customers. Gaining a better understanding of cu stomers. Strengthening the store customer relationship. hebdomad 3 Chapter 6-understanding Product Trends 1 . Why should buyers constantly reminder their merchandise mix? Buyers should constantly monitor their merchandise mix because an appropriate mix today might not contain the right products tomorrow. 2. justify how products that buyers purchase influence soulnel finalitys for a store.Products that buyers purchase influence soulnel decisions for a store because stores that compliments to develop a form image mustiness be bashn for offering fresh & singular products in the marketplace. Knowledgeable personnel are necessary when stores beat products such as designer gowns cameras or computers. 3. What take J Penny and novel done to establish a fashion image? Smart developed private disfigurements such as Jackal smith to create a more modernistic image for the store where as J Penny has comeed many national brand names. 4. List louver examples of convenience produc ts.Batteries Candy Toothpaste Fast solid food gasoline 5. Describe how department stores can sell kitchen gadgets as impulse items. Department stores can sell kitchen gadgets as impulse items because retailers have seen sales skyrocket of some items simply by the placement of the products in the store. Seeing a product demonstrated in a department store stimulates impulse purchasing of many products. 6. Give both examples of specialty products. Particular brand of perfume in the buffest Barbie doll for their collection. 7. When do customers tend to stretch the life of durable products?Customers tend to stretch the life of durable products in economic times. 8. What is the difference teen a style and a fashion? Product. spurt is the prevailing style that is accepted & used by a particular group of people at a particular time in a particular place. 9. Explain why buyers cannot conciliate fashion. Buyers cannot particularize fashion because you must realize that your customers det ermine fashion. That is why you have to build your forecasting skills. Customers make that decision when they purchase. 10. Why do many buyers welcome the addition of fashion items into their inventory?Buyers welcome the addition of fashion items into their inventory because it is a competitive advantage, new fashion rates ripple effects women will in all likelihood purchase new slips shoes & hosiery as you make new product purchases you must determine the impact on other products that your store is selling. 11. Provide examples of how fashions have changed because of technology. Technology itself spreads the word on the new fashion & trends TV and the internet have greatly increased the speed of new fashion awareness. umteen fashion trends started with a movie or what was worn by the first lady or what was seen in movies. 2. Describe how new fashions may create a ripple effect with the sale of other products. New fashions may create a ripple effect with he sale of other products because when the length if skirts changes women will probably purchase new slips, shoes & hosiery as you make new product purchases you must determine the impact on other products that your store is selling. 13. Provide examples of how movies have influenced new products on the market In 1932 Letter Linton broad shouldered power suits designed for Joan Crosswords character.In 1955 Rebel without a cause James doyen t- shirt and red Jacket. 14. What problems do hysterias present for buyers? The problems that fads present for buyers are obtaining enough supply plot of ground the fad s strong & then there is the problem of disposing of the leftover stock when the fad quickly dies. 15. How can buyers distinguish between a fad and a trend? Buyers can distinguish between a fad & a trend because fads tend to be inflexible there is few ways to diversify the product, trends however tend to be more flexible with many ways of expression. 6. List the four stages of the product life regular r ecurrence. Introduction Growth Maturity Decline 17. Describe differences in pricing strategy between the introduction and decline stages of the product life cycle. Introduction stage products are characterized by low sales & losses as well as high risk. Decline stage buyers will not be purchasing products in this stage during this stage the target market shrinks & price cutting minimizes profit margin. 18. Describe the downward flow theory of fashion adoption.Theory maintains that fashion innovators are those people at the top of the kind pyramid such as royalty world leaders and the wealthy. 19. How can sack outledge of the product life cycle help buyers decide which products to eliminate from their merchandise mix? Knowledge of the product life cycle will help buyers decide which products to eliminate from their merchandise mix because it allows you to determine rands to their merchandise mix? Buyers add private brands to their merchandise mix because they belong to the store exclusively. 1 . Why is the timing of markdowns on licence products crucial for buyers? The timing of markdowns on licensed products is crucial for buyers because Disney items may be strong sellers for years but other products typically have sales that peak & then fall precipitously. 22. What is the primary reason for the dismiss to mass customization? The primary reason for the move to mass customization is many retailers are discarding the one size fits all philosophy that has guided them for decades.MAthCourse Project Milestone 2 Interview return and Questions gain This is a form to record your information for this assignment. Review the Course Project Milestone 2 Interviewee head up and Questions guidelines and grading rubric in Doc Sharing (Assignments) prior to completing this form. Review the document in Doc Sharing entitled, inside Question Tips. Refer to Appendix A in your schoolbook and select vanadium categories upon which you will concentrate for your consultati on guide and questions. Type your answers to the following questions using complete sentences and condemn grammar, spelling, and syntax.Note that the form is expandable. Indeed, you may need more pages to include the information that is requested in the guidelines for this assignment. Once you have filled in the form, click Save as and save the file with your last name and assignment, for example, inside _Milestones_ ca-ca_Smith. Submit to the Milestone 2 basket in the Dropped by 1159 p. M. MET Sunday at the end of Week 4. Title Milestone 2 Your Name Samaritan Manson 1 . Note the proposed date of the interrogate. Describe the location of the interview and how privacy will be maintained.Be detail. (20 points) The interview will be conducted Saturday August 9, 2014. The interview will take place in the conference room on the ordinal floor at Holy Cross Hospital. Privacy is maintained in the conference room by a enlace door, it is available for private meetings on the weekends, a nd by it closed off/segregated location on the ordinal floor. 2. Describe the method you have chosen for your process recording and your plans for making it. For example, if you choose to submit a video file, how will you record and produce this?How will you upload it and send it to your instructor? (14 points) The method I have chosen for the process recording will be written. There will be a series of questions or the interviewee to answer and the written responses will be sent to the instructor. Possibly some photographs of the person getting interviewed will be added to the written process. 3. Identify pentad categories from Appendix A in your textbook from which you would like to develop primary (and follow-up) questions for your interview. The categories from which you may choose are listed below.Baccalaureate Variations and Cultural Aspects of the Incidence of Disease communion Cultural Affiliations Cultural Sanctions & Restrictions Developmental Considerations Economics Educational Background Health-Related beliefs and Practices Kinship and Social Ne devilrks Nutrition morality and Spirituality Values Orientation Type the names of the five categories you have chosen in the knock back below in the column marked Categories. 4. Develop one primary question for severally of the five categories. Please note that the questions should be in your own words and designed to elicit meaningful responses, for example, unrestricted or focused format.Use the put off to type to each one question next to its corresponding category. (60 points) 5. Develop two follow-up questions for each primary question. Type these next to the corresponding primary questions. (40 points) 6. Indicate reasons for asking specific questions that relate to culture of origin and wellness attending experiences. (50 points) Categories Primary Question Related to folk Follow-up Questions for each primary question Reasons for asking questions that are related to culture of origin s ocial class 1 overhaul me better understand your culture by explaining the different health contend restrictions? . What would you want us to know about your spiritual needs and resources? Cultural sanctions and restrictions can affect a patient, family, and care team in the course of a hospitalizing. These restrictions can prevent a patient from going to urge, getting a argumentation transfusion, or even prevent a patient from taking a certain medication. . 2. Please spot me more about the type of ethnic sanctions you are involved in and how we can incorporate that into your care? Category 2 What age do educators start focusing on teaching health? . If diagnosed with a problem what forms of teaching are available? Health reproduction builds knowledge, skills, and positive attitudes about health. Health precept teaches about physical, mental, emotional and favorable health. It motivates people to improve and maintain their health, prevent disease, and reduce risky behaviors . versed a persons resources allows educators to provide specific material or extra depending on what is available. 2. Please describe more fully to me what learning resources are available?Category 3 do me better understand what types of social networks are available and what types of social life/hobbies you have? 1 . What type of advertisement do aesculapian facilities use to modernise patients? Social media has become a part of health care by mod startups, patient communities and health check centers. There has been a revolution in health care tools from vertical attempt and social networks to health content aggressors and wellness tools. Patients have been active on social media to find health information, find support through discussion groups and forums, and chronicle their illness Journeys.They are also interested in using social media to facilitate communication between themselves and their providers. Hospitals are moving from experimentation to strategic use of socia l media to enhance brand loyalty and recruit new patients. Medical centers use social media as a teaching tool and to promote primary care. 2. What is the main form of communication between patients and physicians. Category 4 What are the major food groups consumed in your everyday diet? . Help me understand the food restrictions in your culture?Health care professionals must learn to respect and appreciate the variety of cultural traditions related to food and the wide variation of food practices within different cultures. Nutrition plays a vast role in primary care. Health professionals need to respect but also need to ameliorate patients with certain problems on how to modify their diets. 2. It might be helpful for me to know what we can and cannot modify in your diet? Category 5 Health Related Beliefs Help me better understand your view on health and what types of care you received in the past? 1 .What types of treatment do you seek alternating(a) medicine or western medicin e? Health care beliefs can stem from religion or different traditions which tend to be complex and it is impossible to predict how any one patient or family member may understand or apply them in the context of health care. Therefore, providers should encourage patients and family members to rede how religious/cultural values may be pertinent to a hospital stay regarding own(prenominal) needs, interaction with staff, and decisions about treatment 2. What are the specific concerns you would like health care workers to avoid art object you are in the hospital.MAthCourse Project Milestone 2 Interview Guide and Questions Form This is a form to record your information for this assignment. Review the Course Project Milestone 2 Interviewee Guide and Questions guidelines and grading rubric in Doc Sharing (Assignments) prior to completing this form. Review the document in Doc Sharing entitled, INNER Question Tips. Refer to Appendix A in your text and select five categories upon which you will concentrate for your interview guide and questions. Type your answers to the following questions using complete sentences and turn grammar, spelling, and syntax.Note that the form is expandable. Indeed, you may need more pages to include the information that is requested in the guidelines for this assignment. Once you have filled in the form, click Save as and save the file with your last name and assignment, for example, INNER _Milestones_Form_Smith. Submit to the Milestone 2 basket in the Dropped by 1159 p. M. MET Sunday at the end of Week 4. Title Milestone 2 Your Name Samaritan Manson 1 . Note the proposed date of the interview. Describe the location of the interview and how privacy will be maintained.Be specific. (20 points) The interview will be conducted Saturday August 9, 2014. The interview will take place in the conference room on the fourth floor at Holy Cross Hospital. Privacy is maintained in the conference room by a ensnarl door, it is available for private meet ings on the weekends, and by it closed off/segregated location on the fourth floor. 2. Describe the method you have chosen for your process recording and your plans for making it. For example, if you choose to submit a video file, how will you record and produce this?How will you upload it and send it to your instructor? (14 points) The method I have chosen for the process recording will be written. There will be a series of questions or the interviewee to answer and the written responses will be sent to the instructor. Possibly some photographs of the person getting interviewed will be added to the written process. 3. Identify five categories from Appendix A in your text from which you would like to develop primary (and follow-up) questions for your interview. The categories from which you may choose are listed below.Baccalaureate Variations and Cultural Aspects of the Incidence of Disease conversation Cultural Affiliations Cultural Sanctions & Restrictions Developmental Considera tions Economics Educational Background Health-Related beliefs and Practices Kinship and Social Networks Nutrition righteousness and Spirituality Values Orientation Type the names of the five categories you have chosen in the table below in the column marked Categories. 4. Develop one primary question for each of the five categories. Please note that the questions should be in your own words and designed to elicit meaningful responses, for example, open-ended or focused format.Use the table to type each question next to its corresponding category. (60 points) 5. Develop two follow-up questions for each primary question. Type these next to the corresponding primary questions. (40 points) 6. Indicate reasons for asking specific questions that relate to culture of origin and healthcare experiences. (50 points) Categories Primary Question Related to Category Follow-up Questions for each primary question Reasons for asking questions that are related to culture of origin Category 1 Help me better understand your culture by explaining the different health care restrictions? . What would you want us to know about your spiritual needs and resources? Cultural sanctions and restrictions can affect a patient, family, and care team in the course of a hospitalizing. These restrictions can prevent a patient from going to urge, getting a note transfusion, or even prevent a patient from taking a certain medication. . 2. Please submit me more about the type of cultural sanctions you are involved in and how we can incorporate that into your care? Category 2 What age do educators start focusing on teaching health? . If diagnosed with a problem what forms of teaching are available? Health education builds knowledge, skills, and positive attitudes about health. Health education teaches about physical, mental, emotional and social health. It motivates people to improve and maintain their health, prevent disease, and reduce risky behaviors. cognize a persons resources allows edu cators to provide specific material or extra depending on what is available. 2. Please describe more fully to me what learning resources are available?Category 3 Help me better understand what types of social networks are available and what types of social life/hobbies you have? 1 . What type of advertisement do medical facilities use to educate patients? Social media has become a part of health care by sophisticated startups, patient communities and medical centers. There has been a revolution in health care tools from vertical search and social networks to health content aggressors and wellness tools. Patients have been active on social media to find health information, find support through discussion groups and forums, and chronicle their illness Journeys.They are also interested in using social media to facilitate communication between themselves and their providers. Hospitals are moving from experimentation to strategic use of social media to enhance brand loyalty and recruit n ew patients. Medical centers use social media as a teaching tool and to promote primary care. 2. What is the main form of communication between patients and physicians. Category 4 What are the major food groups consumed in your everyday diet? . Help me understand the food restrictions in your culture?Health care professionals must learn to respect and appreciate the variety of cultural traditions related to food and the wide variation of food practices within different cultures. Nutrition plays a titanic role in primary care. Health professionals need to respect but also need to educate patients with certain problems on how to modify their diets. 2. It might be helpful for me to know what we can and cannot modify in your diet? Category 5 Health Related Beliefs Help me better understand your view on health and what types of care you received in the past? 1 .What types of treatment do you seek pick medicine or western medicine? Health care beliefs can stem from religion or different traditions which tend to be complex and it is impossible to predict how any one patient or family member may understand or apply them in the context of health care. Therefore, providers should encourage patients and family members to visualize how religious/cultural values may be pertinent to a hospital stay regarding personalised needs, interaction with staff, and decisions about treatment 2. What are the specific concerns you would like health care workers to avoid while you are in the hospital.